François Clouet, Le Duc d’Alençon, French, 1575 and Sánchez Coello, Queen Anne of Austria, Spanish, c. 1575

“His costume retains the stiffness of armor. The painting, using a plain back-drop, emphasizes his separate parts and his well-defined, wrinkle-free shapes; even the metal folds of his ruff have a metallic rigidity. Her collar and hat copy the male fashion, and so does her armor-like bodice; but her costume retains the traditional female formula of underdress and overdress, the sleeves of one showing under the sleeves of the other.”–Anne Hollander, Sex and Suits